City Life
Geographical area: Europe
Location: Milan, Italy
City size: Large (between 1,000,000 and 5,000,000 inhabitants)
Promoter: Municipality of Milan
Developer: CityLife S.p.A.
Start year:
End-year: In progress
Implementation phase: Implementation in progress
Project size: Neighborhood
Total area of intervention (in sqm): 366.000
Total investments (in USD): 2.5 billion
The CityLife redevelopment project aims to create a mixed-use neighborhood, revitalizing a dismantled area by creating a vivid district combining residential buildings, public green areas, offices, commercial areas and recreational activities. The initiative is being built on the former international fair site of Milan originally owned by the Milan Fair Foundation. The former landowner and fair organizer sold the land to CityLife S.p.A. in 2004 through a public international tender, acquiring the 366,000 sqm site. Initially constituted of four different companies, Generali Group became the sole owner of the company in 2014 and thus the only landowner of the entire redevelopment area. The private company CityLife S.p.A. and the public-participated Milan Fair Foundation established a public-private cooperation to present the Integrated Intervention Plan to the Municipality of Milan. The masterplan of the project detailed the intervention stages, the project phases and the development initiatives and has been approved in 2005. The planning and designing phases saw the participation of several internationally renowned architects and different construction companies, which targeted the environmental sustainability of the new buildings as the underlying construction approach. The project has been entirely financed by CityLife S.p.A., which resorted to loans from a pool of interested banks. The redevelopment project built a multifunctional neighborhood, creating high-end residential buildings, iconic office towers, and a shopping district hosting restaurants, bars and retail stores. The project also increased biodiversity and restored ecosystem services by dedicating more than half of the total area to a public park. The project revolutionized the mobility in the neighborhood, as the district became the largest car-free zone of the city, providing pedestrian paths and bicycle lines while hosting garages and car passages underground. With a specific focus on sustainability, the new residence buildings will employ energy coming from renewable resources and the vast public green areas will help to regulate micro-climate and absorb CO2. Recognized as an example of urban regeneration and environmental sustainability, the CityLife redevelopment project achieved several international certifications of sustainability, both for its buildings and for the whole neighborhood.
Land use zoning
As a mixed-use project, the CityLife neighborhood hosts a variety of land uses. To create a public park within the district, more than half of the total surface was dedicated to open spaces and green areas covering more than 170,000 sqm. In addition, the project created recreational spaces with tennis and padel courts and the ArtLine Milano exposition. The remaining area is divided between the buildings designed by the architects Zaha Hadid, Daniel Libeskind and Arata Isozaki, which include the residential buildings, the three towers hosting the offices at the center of the neighborhood, and the shopping district. The project also includes a public kindergarten and the metro station Tre Torri.
Economic
The redevelopment project revitalized the brownfield of the former international trade fair and increased the attractiveness of the entire neighborhood by creating new residences, commercial areas, open spaces and recreational areas. The creation of a shopping and business district generated new employment opportunities given by the offices, bars, restaurants and retail stores located in the newly built commercial districts. The offices host around 5,800 employees in total.
Environmental
The regeneration project had a clear objective in reducing the environmental impact of the newly constructed buildings. Firstly, the energy employed is entirely produced from renewable resources, thus reducing the emissions produced for the heating and cooling systems of the residences. In addition, the residential constructions are all A-class certified, with a low environmental impact and energy usage, and the construction involved the employment of insulating materials to improve energy efficiency. The redevelopment of the area saw the construction of a 173,000 sqm public park, with the planting of more than 2,000 trees, and flower gardens amounting to more than 5,000 sqm. The implementation of this spread green area is dedicated to regulating the micro-climate of the area and absorbing CO2, as well as to improving and protecting the urban ecosystem of the area.
Social
Certificates
The new CityLife neighborhood received several international certifications of sustainability, both at building- and community-level. The Shopping District received the BREEAM-in-Use certificate, achieving the level Very Good for Asset Performance and Good for Building Management. The Allianz Tower and PWC Tower received the Gold certification, while the Generali Tower achieved the Platinum certification. In addition, all the residential buildings created in the district are certified A-class for energy use and consumption. At the neighborhood-level, CityLife received the Platinum level in the LEED for Cities and Communities, the SITES for Existing Landscapes, the first in Europe to receive such certification, and the WELL Community Certification.
Funding source
The CityLife project has been entirely funded by the private company CityLife S.p.A., which was initially composed of Generali Group, Riunione Adriatica S.p.A. (later incorporated in Allianz), Progestim (incorporated in Immobiliare Lombarda), Grupo Lar, and Lamaro Appalti. Later, only Generali Group and Allianz remained as owners of the company, with the last one selling its share to Generali in 2014. In addition, the selling of the land of the former fair area has been achieved with a Public-Private Partnership between CityLife S.p.A. and Milan Fair Foundation, formerly a public-private company that later became an entirely private company with public participation.
Financing and economic instruments
The project has been entirely financed with the private resources of CityLife S.p.A., which were acquired through loans from different banks interested in financing the redevelopment of the area. The approval of the final Integrated Intervention Plan (Piano Integrato di Intervento) and the Masterplan required a long negotiation process with the Municipality of Milan. This process required the application of Development Exactions in the terms of public services (kindergarten, the metro station, the public park, etc.).
References
Generali Real Estate. CityLife Project. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
Studio Libeskind. CityLife Residences Project. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
Studio Libeskind. CityLife Residences, Parcel II Project. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
Studio Libeskind. CityLife PWC Tower Project. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
Zaha Hadid Architects. Generali Tower Project. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
Zaha Hadid Architects. CityLife Shopping District Project. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
Zaha Hadid Architects. CityLife Residences Project. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
Vianello (2021) Public-Private Partnerships in Urban Redevelopment and Renewal projects: a study on the profitability of the investment with a focus on the CityLife case. Master’s thesis.
Comune di Milano (2022). CityLife - Programma Integrato di Intervento "Quartiere Storico di Fiera Milano ed aree adiacenti" (in A.d.P. "Fiera Polo Urbano". Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
Lamaro Appalti. CityLife Project. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
Conte, V., & Anselmi, G. (2022). When large-scale regeneration becomes an engine of urban growth: How new power coalitions are shaping Milan’s governance. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 54(6), 1184-1199. Available here.
Mosciaro, M. (2021). Selling Milan in pieces: the finance-led production of urban spaces. European Planning Studies, 29(1), 201–218. Available here.
Carpena A. (2009). CityLife. Urbanistica, Paesaggio e Territorio, Università di Parma. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
CMB (Cooperativa Muratori e Braccianti di Carpi). CityLife Projects. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
Comune di Milano (2022). Parco CityLife. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
Colombo Costruzioni. Allianz Tower Project. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
Gustafson Porter Bowman. CityLife Park Project. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
A2A (2023). CityLife, il quartiere che porta Milano ai vertici mondiali della sostenibilità. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
WELL (2023). Milestones Across the Globe: Celebrating 2023 Project Achievements with IWBI’s Community. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
Il Sole 24 Ore (2021). Enpaia compra per 160 milioni il 50% della Torre Pwc a Citylife. Accessed on 22/04/2024. Available here.
Credits
Image from CityLife, retrieved here.